Professor Richard Reid

Professor of African History

St Cross

01865 615038

richard.reid@history.ox.ac.uk

I am a historian of modern Africa, with a focus on the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. I am particularly interested in the culture and practice of warfare in the modern period, and have focused on the transformations in violence in the late precolonial period (the nineteenth century), as well as on more recent armed insurgencies, especially those between the 1950s and the 1980s. I also work on historical culture and memory, especially around trauma and upheaval, and one strand of my research involves an exploration of how the ‘precolonial’ is perceived and understood in modern Africa (as well as in modern Europe). While some of my published work spans the continent as a whole, my primary research is on East and Northeast Africa, including Uganda and the Great Lakes region, Ethiopia, and Eritrea.

Featured Publication

A History of Modern Uganda (Cambridge University Press, 2017)

This book is the first major study in several decades to consider Uganda as a nation, from its precolonial roots to the present day. Here, Richard J. Reid examines the political, economic, and social history of Uganda, providing a unique and wide-ranging examination of its turbulent and dynamic past for all those studying Uganda's place in African history and African politics. Reid identifies and examines key points of rupture and transition in Uganda's history, emphasising dramatic political and social change in the precolonial era, especially during the nineteenth century, and he also examines the continuing repercussions of these developments in the colonial and postcolonial periods. By considering the ways in which historical culture and consciousness has been ever present - in political discourse, art and literature, and social relationships - Reid defines the true extent of Uganda's viable national history.

Research

Warfare and militarism in Africa in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, particularly East and Northeast Africa
Historical culture, emotion and memory in modern Africa, particularly East and Northeast Africa
The relationship between Africa and Europe during the ‘long’ nineteenth century

My current research is concerned with histories of war in modern Africa, and has two main strands. The first focuses on the ways in which war leads to distinctive, often markedly emotional, forms of historical culture, and how it influences both public history and more private understandings of the past. My case study is the war between Eritrea and Ethiopia (1998-2000), which in some ways was the outcome of distinctive cultures of violence, militarism, and historical consciousness, but which has also served to underpin those cultures. I am especially interested in how history is organized and ‘packaged’ as the result of prolonged trauma, including at the level of national history, and I have recently undertaken work on Uganda with that in view.

Secondly, and related to this, I am interested in how the ‘precolonial’ is perceived and understood in modern Africa, especially given the negative connotations often attached to precolonial violence by modern political and economic elites. This is particularly fascinating given that at least some of those elites are themselves the products of violence and its long-term aftermath in the postcolonial era.

The third strand of my work involves a re-examination of the relationship between Africa and Europe during the long nineteenth century. The culmination of that relationship, famously, was the so-called ‘scramble for Africa’, between the 1870s and the 1910s, and I am in the process of revisiting that formative ‘moment’ in the histories of both continents. But I am equally interested in the ways in which political, economic, and military upheavals in both continents during the nineteenth century were closely intertwined. Ultimately, I am seeking to understand Africa’s revolutions during that era in a more global context.

Publications

A History of Modern Africa 1800 to the Present

2020
|
Book

Adopting a long-term approach to current African issues, this text: Explores the legacies of the nineteenth century and the colonial period in the context of the contemporary era Highlights the role of nineteenth century and long-term ...

History
Shallow Graves: a memoir of the Eritrean-Ethiopian war

2020
|
Book
"None could stand before him in the battle, none ever reigned so wisely as he”: the expansion and significance of violence in early modern Africa

2020
|
Chapter
|
A Global History of Early Modern Violence
Remembering and Forgetting Mirambo: histories of war in modern Africa

2019
|
Journal article
|
Small Wars and Insurgencies
Time and Distance: reflections on local and global history from East Africa

2019
|
Journal article
|
Transactions of the Royal Historical Society

Teaching

I am interested in supervising any viable topic related to nineteenth- and twentieth-century Africa, but I am especially keen to hear from potential students interested in the history and memory of violence.

I currently teach:

Prelims:	FHS:	Masters
European & World History 11 (1750-1930)	FS23 Imperialism & Nationalism 1830-1980	Global & Imperial History MSt
		Themes and Concepts
		Warfare and the Military in African History

A History of Modern Uganda (Cambridge University Press, 2017)

A History of Modern Africa 1800 to the Present

Shallow Graves: a memoir of the Eritrean-Ethiopian war

"None could stand before him in the battle, none ever reigned so wisely as he”: the expansion and significance of violence in early modern Africa

Remembering and Forgetting Mirambo: histories of war in modern Africa

Time and Distance: reflections on local and global history from East Africa