Professor Richard Reid
I am a historian of modern Africa, with a focus on the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. I am particularly interested in the culture and practice of warfare in the modern period, and have focused on the transformations in violence in the late precolonial period (the nineteenth century), as well as on more recent armed insurgencies, especially those between the 1950s and the 1980s. I also work on historical culture and memory, especially around trauma and upheaval, and one strand of my research involves an exploration of how the ‘precolonial’ is perceived and understood in modern Africa (as well as in modern Europe). While some of my published work spans the continent as a whole, my primary research is on East and Northeast Africa, including Uganda and the Great Lakes region, Ethiopia, and Eritrea.
Research Interests
- Warfare and militarism in Africa in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, particularly East and Northeast Africa
- Historical culture, emotion and memory in modern Africa, particularly East and Northeast Africa
- The relationship between Africa and Europe during the ‘long’ nineteenth century
My current research is concerned with histories of war in modern Africa, and has two main strands. The first focuses on the ways in which war leads to distinctive, often markedly emotional, forms of historical culture, and how it influences both public history and more private understandings of the past. My case study is the war between Eritrea and Ethiopia (1998-2000), which in some ways was the outcome of distinctive cultures of violence, militarism, and historical consciousness, but which has also served to underpin those cultures. I am especially interested in how history is organized and ‘packaged’ as the result of prolonged trauma, including at the level of national history, and I have recently undertaken work on Uganda with that in view.
Secondly, and related to this, I am interested in how the ‘precolonial’ is perceived and understood in modern Africa, especially given the negative connotations often attached to precolonial violence by modern political and economic elites. This is particularly fascinating given that at least some of those elites are themselves the products of violence and its long-term aftermath in the postcolonial era.
The third strand of my work involves a re-examination of the relationship between Africa and Europe during the long nineteenth century. The culmination of that relationship, famously, was the so-called ‘scramble for Africa’, between the 1870s and the 1910s, and I am in the process of revisiting that formative ‘moment’ in the histories of both continents. But I am equally interested in the ways in which political, economic, and military upheavals in both continents during the nineteenth century were closely intertwined. Ultimately, I am seeking to understand Africa’s revolutions during that era in a more global context.
Teaching
I am interested in supervising any viable topic related to nineteenth- and twentieth-century Africa, but I am especially keen to hear from potential students interested in the history and memory of violence.
I currently teach:
Prelims: | FHS: | Masters |
European & World History 11 (1750-1930) | FS23 Imperialism & Nationalism 1830-1980 | Global & Imperial History MSt |
Themes and Concepts | ||
Warfare and the Military in African History | ||
Publications
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Conflict between Eritrea and Tigray: the long standing faultline in Ethiopian politics
November 2020|Internet publication<a href=""></a> -
A History of Modern Africa 1800 to the Present
January 2020|BookAdopting a long-term approach to current African issues, this text: Explores the legacies of the nineteenth century and the colonial period in the context of the contemporary era Highlights the role of nineteenth century and long-term ...History -
Shallow Graves: a memoir of the Eritrean-Ethiopian war
January 2020|Book -
The Ambiguity of Victory: the spectrum of 'winning' in African history
January 2020|Chapter|Winning Wars: the enduring nature and changing character of victory from antiquity to the twenty-first century -
"None could stand before him in the battle, none ever reigned so wisely as he”: the expansion and significance of violence in early modern Africa
January 2020|Chapter|A Global History of Early Modern Violence