In October 1934, thousands of left-wing militants engaged in a revolutionary uprising in the northern Spanish region of Asturias. This chapter examines the Asturian October within a wider Spanish and European context and through a focus on the themes of antifascism and revolution. The insurrection was the last event of a 'small age of revolution' sparked by the Bolshevik seizure of power in 1917 and also provided the framework for the emergence of antifascism as a social movement in Spain. It was an important transitional moment that encourages reflection on the periodisation of antifascism and how revolutionary politics in interwar Europe is written.
