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Macro-economic
Behaviour of the British Economy since 1870:
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1. The Decline of the British Economy General Reading *Chandler, A.D. (1990) Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism [esp. Chs.1, 7-9]See also the review article by B. Supple, Economic History Review, 1991 *Elbaum, B. and Lazonick, W. (eds.) (1985) The Decline of the British Economy [esp. Ch.1] *Floud, R.C. and McCloskey, D. (eds.) (1994) The Economic History of Britain Since 1700, Vol. 2, 1860-1939, 2nd edition [Ch.2] Aldcroft, D.H. and Richardson, H.W. (1969) The British Economy 1870-1939 [Esp. Chs.1,3,4 in Section B] Crafts, N.F.R., Leybourne, S.J. and Mills, T.C. (1989) 'The Climacteric in Late Victorian Britain and France: A Reappraisal', Journal of Applied Econometrics, vol.4 Kirby, M.W. (1992) 'Institutional Rigidities and Economic Decline: Reflections on the British Experience', Economic History Review, vol. 45 Landes, D.S. (1969) The Unbound Prometheus [esp. Section IV.4 Some Reasons Why] Levine, A.L. (1967) Industrial Retardation in Britain, 1880-1914 Lewis, W.A. (1978) Growth and Fluctuations, 1870-1913 [esp. Ch.5] Pollard, S. (1992) The Wasting of the British Economy Supple, B. (1994) 'British Economic Decline since 1945' in R.C. Floud and D. McCloskey (eds.) The Economic History of Britain Since 1700, Vol. 3, 1939-1992, 2nd edition Rubinstein, W.D. (1993) Capitalism, Culture and Decline in Britain, 1750-1990 Entrepreneurship *Elbaum, B. and Lazonick, W. (1984) 'The Decline of the British Economy: An Institutional Perspective', Journal of Economic History, vol. 44 *Foreman-Peck, J.S. (ed.) (1991) New perspectives on the late Victorian economy: essays in quantitative economic history, 1860-1914. *Pollard, S. (1994) 'Entrepreneurship' in R.C. Floud and D. McCloskey (eds.) The Economic History of Britain Since 1700, Vol. 3, 1939-1992, 2nd edition Broadberry, S.N. (1997) The Productivity Race [esp. Ch.6] Coleman, D.C. (1973) 'Gentlemen and Players', Economic History Review, vol. 26 Coleman, D.C. and Macleod, C. (1986) 'Attitudes and New Techniques: British Businessmen, 1800-1950', Economic History Review, vol. 39 Collins, B and Robbins, K. (1990) British Culture and Economic Decline Dintenfass, M. (1988) 'Entrepreneurial Failure Reconsidered: the Case of the Interwar British Coal Industry', Business History Review, vol.62 Lazonick, W. (1981) 'Competition, Specialisation and Industrial Decline', Journal of Economic History, vol. 41 McCloskey, D.N. and Sandberg, L. (1971) 'From Damnation to Redemption: Judgements on the Late Victorian Entrepreneur', Explorations in Economic History, vol. 9. Reprinted in D.N. McCloskey (1981) Enterprise and Trade in Victorian Britain Nicholas, T. (1999) 'Clogs to Clogs in Three Generations? Explaining Entrepreneural Performance in Britain since 1850', Journal of Economic History, vol.59 Payne, P.L. (1989) British Entrepreneurship in the Nineteenth Century, 2nd edition Weiner, M.J. (1981) English Culture and the Decline of the Industrial Spirit, 1850-1980 Williams, K., Williams, J. and Thomas, D. (1983) Why are the British Bad at Manufacturing? The Labour Force *Harley, C.K. (1974) 'Skilled Labour and the Choice of Technique in Edwardian Industry', Explorations in Economic History, vol.2 *Lazonick, W. (1994) 'Employment Relations in Manufacturing and International Competition' in R.C. Floud and D. McCloskey (eds.) The Economic History of Britain Since 1700, Vol. 2, 1860-1939, 2nd edition Clegg, H.A., Fox, A. and Thompson, A.F. (1964) A History of British Trade Unions Since 1889, Vol. I Clegg, H.A., Fox, A. and Thompson, A.F. (1985) A History of British Trade Unions Since 1889, Vol. II [Chs.1,2] Fox, A. (1985) History and Heritage: The Social Origins of the British Industrial Relations System [Chs.4-6] Lewchuck, W. (1987) American Technology and the British Car Industry More, C. (1980) Skill and the English Working Class, 1870-1914 Price, R. (1986) Labour in British Society [Chs.4,5]
The Capital Market *Collins, M. (1995) Banks and Industrial Finance in Britain, 1800-1939, 2nd edition *Kennedy, W.P. (1976) 'Institutional Response to Economic Growth: Capital Markets in Britain to 1914' in L. Hannah (ed.) Management Strategy and Business Development *Kennedy, W.P. (1987) Industrial Structure, Capital Markets and the Origins of British Economic Decline [esp. Ch.5] Cain, P.J. and Hopkins, A.G. (1993) British Imperialism, Crisis and Deconstruction, 1914-1990 [Chs.2,3] Collins, M. (1998) 'English Bank Development Within a European Perspective, 1870-1939', Economic History Review, vol. 51 Cottrell, M. (1980) Industrial Finance, 1830-1914 [esp. Chs.6-8] Edelstein, M. (1982) Overseas Investment in the Age of High Imperialism: the United Kingdom, 1850-1914 [esp. Ch.3] Michie, R.C. (1987) The London and New York Stock Exchanges, 1850-1914 [esp. Chs.1-4] Michie, R.C. (1988) 'The Finance of Innovation in Late Victorian and Edwardian Britain: Possibilities and Constraints', Journal of European Economic History, vol. 17 Ross, D.M. (1996) 'Commercial Banking in a Market-Orientated Financial System: Britain Between the Wars', Economic History Review, vol. 49 van Helten, J.J. and Cassis, Y. (1990) Capitalism in a Mature Economy [esp. Chs.1-3] Watson, K. (1996) 'Banks and Industrial Finance: the Experience of Brewers, 1880-1913', Economic History Review, vol. 49 See also the reading on topic 2.
2. British Overseas Investment *Edelstein, M. (1994) 'Foreign Investment and Accumulation, 1860-1914' in R.C. Floud and D. McCloskey (eds.) The Economic History of Britain Since 1700, Vol. 2, 1860-1939, 2nd edition *Edelstein, M. (1994) 'Imperialism: Cost and Benefit' in R.C. Floud and D. McCloskey (eds.) The Economic History of Britain Since 1700, Vol. 2, 1860-1939, 2nd edition *Kennedy, W.P. (1987) Industrial Structure, Capital Markets and the Origins of British Economic Decline [esp. Chs.5-6] Barratt Brown, M. (1971) Economics of Imperialism [esp. Ch.8] Cain, P.J. and Hopkins, A.G. (1993) British Imperialism, Crisis and Deconstruction, 1914-1990 Cairncross, A.K. (1953) Home and Foreign Investment, 1870-1913 [esp. Chs.7-9] Cottrell, P.L. (1975) British Overseas Investment in the Nineteenth Century Davis, L.E. and Huttenback, R.A. (1987) Mammon and the Pursuit of Empire, 1860-1912 Edelstein, M. (1982) Overseas Investment in the Age of High Imperialism: the United Kingdom, 1850-1914 [esp. Chs.1,2,8,9] Fieldhouse, D.K. (1973) Economics and Empire 1830-1914 [Ch.3] Ford, A.G. (1965) 'Overseas Lending and Internal Fluctuations, 1870-1914', Yorkshire Bulletin of Economic and Social Research. Reprinted in A.R. Hall (1968) The Export of Capital from Britain, 1870-1914 Imlah, J.A.H. (1958) Economic Elements in the Pax Britannica: Studies in British Foreign Trade in the Nineteenth Century Offer, A. (1993) 'The British empire, 1870-1914: a waste of money?', Economic History Review, vol.46 Pollard, S. (1985) 'Capital Exports, 1870-1914: Harmful or Beneficial?', Economic History Review, vol. 38. See also the comments by P. Temin, August 1987, and by V.N. Balasubramanyam, May 1989 Rowthorn, R.E. and Solomou, S.N. (1991) 'The Macroeconomic Effects of Overseas Investment on the UK Balance of Trade, 1870-1913', Economic History Review, vol. 44
3. The First World War and its Aftermath
General Reading *Milward, A.S. (1984) The Economic Effects of the Two World Wars on Britain, 2nd edn. Broadberry, S.N. (1988) 'The Impact of the World Wars on the Long-Run Performance of the British Economy', Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 4 (1), pp. 25-37. Hardach, G. (1977) The First World War, 1914-1918, esp. ch. 10. Post-War Trade *Aldcroft, D.H. (1970) The Interwar British Economy, 1919-1939 Tomlinson, J. (1979) 'The First World War and British cotton piece exports to India', Economic History Review, vol.32 Wolcott, S. (1991) 'British myopia and the collapse of Indian textile demand', Journal of Economic History, vol.51
Post-War Policy *Broadberry, S.N. (1990) 'The Emergence of Mass Unemployment: Explaining Macroeconomic Trends in Britain During the Trans-World War I Period', Economic History Review, vol. 43 *Broadberry, S.N. (1992) 'The Emergence of Mass Unemployment: a Reply', Economic History Review, vol.45 *Glynn, S. and Booth, A.E. (1992) 'The Emergence of Mass Unemployment: Some Questions of Precision', Economic History Review, vol.45 Broadberry, S.N. (1986) 'Aggregate Supply in Interwar Britain', Economic Journal, vol.96 Dowie, J.A. (1975) '1919-20 is in Need of Attention', Economic History Review, vol.28 Howson, S.K. (1974) 'The Origins of Dear Money, 1919-20', Economic History Review, vol.27 Howson, S.K. (1975) Domestic Monetary Management in Britain, 1919-38
4. Industrial Problems in the Interwar Period General Reading *Alford, B.W.E. (1994) 'New Industries for Old: British Industry Between the Wars' in R.C. Floud and D. McCloskey (eds.) The Economic History of Britain Since 1700, Vol. 2, 1860-1939, 2nd edition *Elbaum, B. and Lazonick, W. (eds.) (1985) The Decline of the British Economy [esp. Chs.1-6] *Foreman-Peck, J.S. (1994) 'Industry and Industrial Organisation in the Inter-War Years', in R.C. Floud and D.N. McCloskey (eds) (1994) The Economic History of Britain since 1700, 2nd edn.. Vol. 2: 1860-1939 Aldcroft, D.H. (1970) The Interwar Economy: Britain, 1919-1939 [Ch.5] British Association for the Advancement of Science (1935) Britain in Depression British Association for the Advancement of Science (1938) Britain in Recovery Broadberry, S.N. and Crafts, N.F.R. (1990) 'Explaining Anglo-American Productivity Differences in the Mid-Twentieth Century', Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, vol. 52 Broadberry, S.N. and Crafts, N.F.R. (1992) 'Britain's Productivity Gap in the 1930s: Some Neglected Factors', Journal of Economic History, vol.52 Broadberry, S.N. and Fremdling, R. (1990) 'Comparative Productivity in British and German Industry, 1907-37', Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 52 (4), pp. 403-22 Buxton, N.K. and Aldcroft, D.H. (1979) British Industry Between the Wars [esp. Chs.1-4] Chandler, A.D. (1990) Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism Musson, A.E. (1978) The Growth of British Industry [esp. Chs.15-17] Tunzelmann, G.N. von (1982) 'Structural Change and Leading Sectors in British Manufacturing, 1907-68', in C.P. Kindleberger and G. di Tella (eds) Economics in the Long-View. Vol. 3: Applications and cases, pt. II
5. The Return to Gold in 1925 Introduction to the Gold Standard *Eichengreen, B. (1985) The Gold Standard in Theory and History [Chs.6-9] Ford, A.G. (1962) The Gold Standard, 1880-1914: Britain and Argentina [Chs.1-3] Hawtrey, R.G. (1939) The Gold Standard in Theory and Practice, 4th edition [Chs.1-4] Nevin, E. (1955) The Mechanism of Cheap Money [esp. Ch.1]
General Reading *Eichengreen, B. (1992) Golden Fetters *Moggridge, D. (1972) British Monetary Policy, 1924-1931 [esp. Chs.1-4] Drummond, I. (1987) The Gold Standard and the International Monetary System, 1900-1939 Keynes, J.M. (1932) 'The Economic Consequences of Mr. Churchill' in Essays in Persuasion Pollard, S. (1970) The Gold Standard and Employment Policy Between the Wars [esp. introduction and Chs.1,4] Sayers, R.S. (1960) 'The Return to Gold, 1925' in L.S. Pressnell (ed.) Studies in the Industrial Revolution Sayers, R.S. (1976) The Bank of England, vol. 1
Slightly More Difficult Reading *Dimsdale, N.H. (1981) 'British Monetary Policy and the Exchange Rate, 1920-1938', Oxford Economic Papers, vol. 33 *Howson, S.K. (1975) Domestic Monetary Management in Britain, 1919-38 *Redmond, J. (1992) 'The Gold Standard between the Wars' in S.N. Broadberry and N.F.R. Crafts (eds.) Britain in the International Economy, 1870-1939 Jones, M.E.F. (1985) 'The Regional Impact of an Overvalued Pound in the 1920s', Economic History Review, vol. 38 Matthews, K.G.P. (1986) 'Was Sterling Overvalued in 1925?', Economic History Review, vol. 39. See also the comment by Redmond and reply by Matthews, Economic History Review, 1989, vol. 42 Pressnel, L.S. (1978) '1925: The Burden of Sterling', Economic History Review, vol. 31 Redmond, J. (1984) 'The Sterling Overvaluation in 1925: A Multilateral Approach', Economic History Review, vol. 37 Wolcott, S. (1993) 'Keynes versus Churchill: Revaluation and British Unemployment in the 1920s', Journal of Economic History, vol. 53 Wright, J.F. (1981) 'Britain's Interwar Experience', Oxford Economic Papers, vol. 33. Reprinted in Eltis and Sinclair (1981)
6. The Great Depression and Departure from the Gold Standard in 1931 General Reading *Cairncross, A. and Eichengreen, B. (1983) Sterling in Decline [esp. Chs.2,3] *Eichengreen, B. (1992) 'The Origins and Nature of the Great Slump Revisited', Economic History Review, vol. 45 Feinstein, C.H., Temin, P. and Toniolo, G. (1995) 'International Economic Organization: Banking, Finance and Trade in Europe Between the Wars' in C.H. Feinstein (ed.) Banking, Currency and Finance in Europe Between the Wars Fearon, P. (1979) The Origins and Nature of the Great Slump, 1929-1932 Kindleberger, C.P. (1973) The World in Depression, 1929-1932
Slightly More Difficult Reading *Capie, F., Mills, T.C. and Wood, G.E. (1986) 'What Happened in 1931?' in F. Capie and G.E. Wood (eds.) Financial Crises and the World Banking System Howson, S. (1980) Sterling's Managed Float: The Operation of the Exchange Equalisation Account, 1932-1939 Redmond, J. 'An Indicator of the Effective Exchange Rate of the Pound in the 1930s', Economic History Review, vol. 33 Sayers, R.S. (1976) The Bank of England, 1891-1944, vol. 2 [esp. Chs.17,18] Williams, D. (1963) 'The 1931 Financial Crisis', Yorkshire Bulletin of Economic and Social Research, vol. 15 See also the reading for topics 5 and 7
7. Unemployment in Interwar Britain General Reading *Garside, W.R. (1990) British Unemployment, 1919-1939: A Study in Public Policy Aldcroft, D.H. (1970) The Interwar Economy: Britain 1919-1939 [esp. Chs.2-4] Alford, B.W.E. (1972) Depression and Recovery? British Economic Growth, 1918-1939 Beveridge, W.H. (1930) Unemployment: A Problem of Industry See also the readings for topics 4 and 8 Recent Studies *Benjamin, D. and Kochin, L. (1979) 'Searching for an Explanation for Unemployment in Interwar Britain', Journal of Political Economy, vol. 87. See also 'A Reply to Our Critics', Journal of Political Economy, vol. 90, 1982 *Dimsdale, N.H., Nickell, S. and Horsewood, N. (1989) 'Real Wages and Unemployment in Britain During the 1930s', Economic Journal, vol.99 *Eichengreen, B. (1987) 'Unemployment in Britain: Dole or Doldrums?', Oxford Economics Papers, vol. 39 *Hatton, T. (1994) 'Unemployment and the Labour Market in Inter-War Britain' in R.C. Floud and D. McCloskey (eds.) The Economic History of Britain Since 1700, Vol. 2, 1860-1939, 2nd edition Beenstock, M. and Warburton, P. 'The Market for Labor in Interwar Britain', Explorations in Economic History, vol.28 Broadberry, S.N. (1990) 'The Emergence of Mass Unemployment: Explaining Macroeconomic Trends in Britain During the Trans-World War I Period', Economic History Review, vol. 43 See also the comments by Glynn and Booth and the reply by Broadberry in Economic History Review, vol. 45, 1992 Broadberry, S.N. and Ritschl, A. (1995) 'Real Wages, Productivity and Unemployment in Britain and Germany During the 1920s', Explorations in Economic History, vol. 32 Capie, F. (1987) 'Unemployment and Real Wages' in S. Glynn and R. Booth (eds.) The Road to Full Employment Casson, M. (1983) Economics of Unemployment: A Historical Perspective Crafts, N.F.R. (1987) 'Long-Term Unemployment in Britain in the 1930s', Economic History Review, vol. 40 Eichengreen, B. and Hatton, T.J. (1988) Interwar Unemployment in International Perspective [esp. Chs.1,3] Garside, W.R. (1987) 'The Real Wage Debate and British Interwar Unemployment' in S. Glynn and A. Booth (eds.) The Road to Full Employment Hatton, T.J. (1985) 'Structural Aspects of Unemployment in Britain Between the Wars', Research in Economic History, vol. 10 Metcalf, D., Nickell, S.J and Floros, N. (1982) 'Still Searching for an Explanation of Unemployment in Interwar Britain', Journal of Political Economy, vol. 90 Thomas, M. (1992) 'Institutional Rigidity in the British Labour Market, 1870-1939: A Comparative Perspective', in S.N. Broadberry and N.F.R. Crafts (eds) Britain in the International Economy, 1870-1939
8. The Recovery in the 1930s General Reading - Recent Texts *Alford, B.W.E. (1972) Depression and Recovery? British Economic Growth, 1918-1939 *Worswick, G.D.N. (1984) 'The Sources of Recovery in the United Kingdom in the 1930s', National Institute Economic Review, no. 110, November Aldcroft, D.H. (1970) The Interwar Economy: Britain, 1919-1939 [Ch.2] Richardson, H.W. (1967) Economic Recovery in Britain, 1932-1939 Youngson, A.J. (1960) The British Economy, 1920-1957 [esp. Ch.4]
General Reading - Earlier Studies *Lewis, W.A. (1949) Economic Survey, 1919-1939 Arndt, H. (1943) Economic Lessons of the 1930s British Association for the Advancement of Science (1937) Britain in Recovery Kahn, A.E. (1946) Great Britain in the World Economy New Industries *Richardson, H.W. (1961) 'The New Industries Between the Wars' Oxford Economic Papers, vol. 13 *Richardson, H.W. (1962) 'The Basis of Economic Recovery in the 1930s', Economic History Review, vol. 15, 1962 Both reprinted in D.H. Aldcroft and H.W. Richardson (eds.) (1969) The British Economy, 1870-1939 Buxton, N.K. and Aldcroft, D.H. (1979) British Industry Between the Wars [esp. Chs.1-4] von Tunzelmann, G.N. (1982) 'Structural Change and Leading Sectors in British Manufacturing, 1907-1968' in Kindleberger, C.P. and di Tella, G. (eds.) Economics in the Long View, vol. 3 Weir, R. (1989) 'Rationalization and Diversification in the Scotch Whisky Industry, 1900-1939: Another Look at Old and New Industries', Economic History Review, vol. 42
Housebuilding *Humphries, J. (1987) 'Interwar Housebuilding, Cheap Money and Building Societies: the Housing Boom Revisited', Business History *Richardson, H.W. (1967) Economic Recovery in Britain, 1932-1939 [Ch.7] Aldcroft, D.H. and Richardson, H.W. (1968) Building in the British Economy Between the Wars Broadberry, S.N. (1987) 'Cheap Money and the Housing Boom in Interwar Britain: an Econometric Appraisal', Manchester School, vol. 55 Cheap Money *Howson, S (1975) Domestic Monetary Management in Britain, 1919-38 [Ch.5] *Richardson, H.W. (1967) Economic Recovery in Britain, 1932-1939 [Ch.8] Capie, F.H., Mills, T.C. and Wood, G.E. (1986) 'Debt Management and Interest Rates: the British Stock Conversion of 1932', Applied Economics, vol.18 Morton, W.A. (1943) British Finance, 1930-1940 Nevin, E. (1953) 'The Origins of Cheap Money, 1931-1932', Economica, vol. 20 Nevin, E. (1955) The Mechanism of Cheap Money [esp. Chs.6-8]
Tariff Protection *Capie, F. (1983) Depression and Protectionism: Britain Between the Wars *Kitson, M. and Solomou, S. (1990) Protectionism and Economic Revival: the British Interwar Economy *Kitson, M., Solomou, S. and Weale, M. (1991) 'Effective Protection and Economic Recovery in the United Kingdom During the 1930s', Economic History Review, vol. 44 [plus reply by Capie] Benham, F.C. (1940) Great Britain Under Protection Eichengreen, B.R. (1981) 'Sterling and the Tariff, 1929-32' Princeton Studies in International Finance, no. 48 Richardson, H.W. (1967) Economic Recovery in Britain, 1932-1939 [Ch.10] Rooth, T. (1993) British Protectionism and the International Economy: Overseas Commercial Policy in the 1930s
The Efficacy of the 'Keynesian Solution' *Garside, W.R. (1985) 'The Failure of the Radical Alternative: Public Works, Deficit Finance and British Interwar Unemployment', Journal of European Economic History, vol. 14 *Garside, W.R. and Hatton, T.J. (1983) 'Keynesian Policy and British Unemployment in the 1930s', Economic History Review, vol. 36 *Hatton, T.J. (1987) 'Unemployment in the 1930s and the 'Keynesian' Solution: Some Notes of Dissent', Australian Economic History Review, vol. 25 Booth, A. and Pack, M. (1985) Employment, Capital and Economic Policy: Great Britain, 1918-1939 [esp. Ch.8] Dimsdale, N. and Horsewood, N. 'Fiscal Policy and Employment in Interwar Britain: Some Evidence from a New Model', Oxford Economic Papers, vol. 47 Garside, W.R. (1990) British Unemployment, 1919-1939: A Study in Public Policy Glynn, S. and Booth, A. (1983) 'Unemployment in Interwar Britain: A Case for Relearning the Lessons of the 1930s', Economic History Review, vol. 36 Glynn, S. and Booth, R. (eds.) (1987) The Road to Full Employment Glynn, S. and Howells, P.G. (1980) 'Unemployment in the 1930s: the 'Keynesian Solution' Reconsidered', Australian Economic History Review, vol. 20 Matthews, K.G.P. (1989) 'Could Lloyd George Have Done it? The Pledge Re-Examined', Oxford Economic Papers, vol.41 Peden, G.C. (1984) 'The 'Treasury View' on Public Works and Employment in the Interwar Period', Economic History Review, vol. 37 Thomas, M. (1983) 'Rearmament and Economic Recovery in the Late 1930s', Economic History Review, vol. 36 Turner, P. (1991) 'Wealth Effects and Fiscal Policy in the 1930s'. Economic History Review, vol.44
9. Fiscal Policy and the 'Keynesian Revolution' General Reading *Feinstein, C.H. (ed.) (1983) The Managed Economy [Introduction and Chs.2,5,6] *Middleton, R.C. (1985) Towards the Managed Economy: Keynes, the Treasury and the Fiscal Policy Debate of the 1930s [esp. Chs.5-9] Booth, A. (1987) 'Britain in the 1930s: A Managed Economy', Economic History Review, vol. 40 See also the comments by Peden and Middleton and the reply by Booth, Economic History Review, vol. 42, 1989 Booth, A. (1989) British Economic Policy 1931-1949: Was There a Keynesian Revolution? Clarke, P. (1988) The Keynesian Revolution in the Making, 1924-1936 [Ch.3] Garside, W.R. (1990) British Unemployment, 1919-1939: A Study in Public Policy Glynn, S. and Booth, R. (eds.) (1987) The Road to Full Employment Peden, G.C. (1987) Keynes, the Treasury and British Economic Policy The Keynesian Revolution *Booth, A. (1983) 'The 'Keynesian Revolution' in Economic Policy-Making', Economic History Review, vol. 36 See also the comments by Tomlinson, Economic History Review, vol. 37, 1984, and Rollings, Economic History Review, vol. 38, 1985 and the replies by Booth *Rollings, N. (1988) 'British Budgetary Policy, 1945-1954: A 'Keynesian Revolution'?', Economic History Review, vol. 41 Middleton, R.C. (1982) 'The Treasury in the 1930s: Political and Administrative Constraints to Acceptance of the 'New' Economics', Oxford Economics Papers, vol. 34 Peden, G.C. (1980) 'Keynes, the Treasury and Unemployment in the late 1930s', Oxford Economics Papers, vol. 32 Peden, G.C. (1983) 'Sir Richard Hopkins and the 'Keynesian Revolution' in Employment Policy, 1929-1945', Economic History Review, vol. 35 Tomlinson, J. (1987) Employment Policy: The Crucial Years, 1939-1955 Tomlinson, J. (1990) Pubic Policy and the Economy Since 1900
10. Postwar Demand Management General Reading *Barnett, C. (1986) The Audit of War: the Illusion and Reality of Britain as a Great Nation *Matthews, R.C.O. (1968) 'Why has Britain had Full Employment Since the War?', Economic Journal, vol. 78. reprinted in C. Feinstein (1983) The Managed Economy Cairncross, A. (1992) The British Economy Since 1945 *Tomlinson, J. (1985) British Macroeconomic Policy Since 1940 Feinstein, C.H. (ed.) (1983) The Managed Economy Floud, R.C. and McCloskey, D. (eds.) (1994) The Economic History of Britain Since 1700, 2nd edition, vol. 3, 1939 to 1992 [Chs.2,3,8,9] Hatton, T.J. and Chrystal, K.A. (1991) 'The Budget and Fiscal Policy' in N.F.R. Crafts and N. Woodward The British Economy Since 1945 Hopkin, B. (1981) 'The Development of Demand Management' in F. Cairncross (ed.) Changing Perceptions of Economic Policy Milward, R. (1997) 'The Postwar Nationalizations in Britain: Means to an End or the Means of Production', Economic History Review, Vol. 50
Further Reading *Dimsdale, N. 'British Monetary Policy Since 1945' in N.F.R. Crafts and N. Woodward (eds.) The British Economy Since 1945 *Mosley, P. (1984) The Making of Economic Policy [esp. Chs.8-14] Beckerman, W. (1972) The Labour Government's Economic Record, 1964-1970 [esp. Chs.1,8] Blackaby, F.T. (1978) British Economic Policy, 1960-1974: Demand Management [esp. Chs.1,2,14] Brittan, S. (1969) Steering the Economy [esp. Chs.5-9] Cairncross, A.K. (1971) Essays in Economic Management [esp. Chs.4-6] Cross, R. (1982) Economic Theory and Policy in the United Kingdom [esp. Chs.11-19] Dow, J.C.R. (1964) The Management of the British Economy, 1945-1960 Matthews, R.C.O. and Sargent, J.R. (eds.) (1983) Contemporary Problems of Economic Policy - Essays from the Clare Group [esp. introduction and Chs.2,5,6] See also the readings for topics 7 and 9
11. Unemployment and Inflation *Broadberry, S.N. (1994) 'Employment and Unemployment', in R.C. Floud and D.N. McCloskey (eds) (1994) The Economic History of Britain since 1700, 2nd edn. Vol. 3: 1939-1992 *Broadberry, S.N. (1994) 'Why was Unemployment in Postwar Britain so Low?', Bulletin of Economic Research, vol.46 *Woodward, N.W.C. (1991) 'Inflation' in N.F.R. Crafts and N. Woodward (eds.) The British Economy Since 1945 Allsopp, C. (1982) 'Inflation' in A. Boltho (ed.) The European Economy: Growth and Crisis Ball, R.J. and Burns, T. (1976) 'The Inflationary Mechanism in the UK Economy', American Economic Review, vol. 66. Reprinted in C. Feinstein (1983) The Managed Economy Broadberry, S. (1991) 'Unemployment' in N.F.R. Crafts and N. Woodward (eds.) The British Economy Since 1945 Budd, A. and Dicks, G. 'Inflation - A Monetarist Interpretation' in A. Boltho (ed.) The European Economy: Growth and Crisis Bruno, M. and Sachs, J.D. (1985) The Economics of Worldwide Stagflation Glynn, S. (1991) No Alternative: Unemployment in Britain Hirsch, F. and Goldthorpe, J.H. (eds.) (1978) The Political Economy of Inflation [esp. Chs. 1,8,9] Layard, R., Nickell, S. and Jackman, R. (1991) Unemployment, Macroeconomic Performance and the Labour Market Matthews, R.C.O. (1968) 'Why has Britain had Full Employment Since the War?', Economic Journal, vol.78 Parkin, M. and Sumner, M.T. (eds.) (1978) Inflation in the United Kingdom Stafford, G.B. (1970) 'Full Employment Since the War: Comment', Economic Journal, vol.80 [and Matthews' response]
12. Balance of Payments Problems and Deindustrialisation General Reading *Cairncross, A.K. and Eichengreen, B.J. (1983) Sterling in Decline: the Devaluations of 1931, 1949 and 1967 *Foreman-Peck, J. (1991) 'Trade and the Balance of Payments' in N.F.R. Crafts and N. Woodward (eds.) The British Economy Since 1945 *McCombie, J.S.L. and Thirlwall, A.P. (1994) Economic Growth and the Balance-of-Payments Constraint Blackaby, F. (ed.) (1978) Deindustrialisation [Chs.1,2,8,10] Crafts, N.F.R. (1993) Can De-Industrialisation Seriously Damage Your Wealth? A Review of Why Growth Rates Differ and How to Improve Economic Performance Lee, C.H. (1986) The British Economy Since 1700: A Macroeconomic Perspective [esp. Ch.11] Mayes, D. and Soteri, S. (1994) 'Does Manufacturing Matter', in T. Buxton, P. Chapman and P. Temple (eds) (1994) Britain's Economic Performance NIESR (1967) 'The Effects of Devaluation and the Balance of Payments', National Institute Economic Review, 42 Rowthorn, R.E. and Wells, J.R. (1987) De-industrialisation and Foreign Trade [esp. Chs.1,10,11] Stafford, G.B. (1989) 'De-industrialisation in Advanced Economies', Cambridge Journal of Economics, vol. 13 Thirlwall, A. (1982) 'De-industrialisation in the UK', Lloyds Bank Review Further Reading *Prais, S.J. (1981) Productivity and Industrial Structure [esp. Chs.1,7,19] *Thirlwall, A. and Gibson, H.D. (1992) Balance of Payments Theory and the UK Experience, 4th edition Kirkpatrick, A. and Lawson, T. (1980) 'On the Nature of Industrial Decline in the United Kingdom', Cambridge Journal of Economics, vol. 4 Matthews, R.C.O., Feinstein, C.H. and Odling-Smee, J.C. (1982) British Economic Growth, 1856-1973 [Ch.8] Singh, A. (1977) 'UK Industry and the World Economy: A Case of Deindustrialisation', Cambridge Journal of Economics, vol. 1. Reprinted in C.H. Feinstein (1983) The Managed Economy
13. Economic Growth General Reading *Crafts, N.F.R. and N. Woodward (1991) The British Economy Since 1945 [esp. Chs.1,9] *Floud, R.C. and McCloskey, D. (eds.) (1994) The Economic History of Britain Since 1700, 2nd edition, vol. 3, 1939 to 1992 [Chs.2-4] *Matthews, R.C.O. and Bowen, A. (1988) 'Keynesian and Other Explanations of Post-War Macroeconomic Trends' in W. Eltis and P. Sinclair, Keynes and Economic Policy: The Relevance of the General Theory after Fifty Years Alford, B.W.E. (1987) British Economic Performance Since 1945 Beckerman, W. (ed.) (1979) Slow Growth in Britain: Causes and Consequences Boltho, A. (1982) The European Economy: Growth and Crisis [Ch.1] Cairncross, A. (1992) The British Economy Since 1945 Cairncross, F. and Cairncross, A.K. (1992) The Legacy of the Golden Age: The 1960s and Their Economic Consequences Crafts, N. and Toniolo, G. (eds.) (1996) Economic Growth in Europe Since 1945 [esp. Chs.1,2,6] Lee, C.H. (1986) The British Economy Since 1700: A Macroeconomic Perspective Maddison, A. (1991) Dynamic Forces in Capitalist Development Marglin, S. and Schwor, J. (eds.) (1990) The Golden Age of Capitalism: Reinterpreting the Postwar Experience Matthews, R.C.O. (ed.) (1982) Slower Growth in the Western World Matthews, R.C.O., Feinstein, C.H. and Odling-Smee, J.C. (1982) British Economic Growth, 1856-1973 [esp. Chs.16,17] Stafford, G.B. (1981) The End of Economic Growth Wright, J.F. (1979) Britain in the Age of Economic Management Tomlinson, J. (1991) 'The Failure of the Anglo-American Council on Productivity', Business History, vol.33 See also the reading for topic 10 Human Capital *Aldcroft, D.H. (1992) Education, Training and Economic Performance, 1944 to 1990 *Broadberry, S.N. (1997) The Productivity Race [Ch.8] Daly, A. (1982) 'The Contribution of Education to Economic Growth in Britain: a Note on the Evidence', National Institute Economic Review Maddison, A. (1991) Dynamic Forces in Capitalist Development: A Long-Run Comparative view Matthews, R.C.O., Feinstein, C.H. and Odling-Smee, J.S. (1982) British Economic Growth, 1856-1973, [ch. 4] NIESR (1991) Productivity, Education and Training: Britain and Other Countries Compared Prais, S.J. and Wagner, K. (1985) 'School Standards in England and Germany: Some Summary Comparisons Bearing on Economic Performance', National Institute Economic Review, 112 Industrial Relations *Pratten, C.F. (1976) Labour Productivity Differentials within International Companies *Richardson, R. (1991) 'Trade unions and industrial relations', in N.F.R. Crafts and N.W.C. Woodward (eds) The British Economy since 1945 Barnett, C. (1986) The Audit of War: the Illusion and Reality of Britain as a Great Nation Durcan, J.W., McCarthy, W.E.J., and Redman, G.P. (1983) Strikes in Post-War Britain: a Study of Stoppages Due to Industrial Disputes, 1946-73 Lintner, V.G. et al (1987) 'Trade Unions and Technological Change in the UK Mechanical Engineering Industry', British Journal of Industrial Relations, vol.25 Smith, D.C. (1980) 'Trade Union Growth and Industrial Disputes' in R.E. Caves and L.B. Krause (eds) Britain's Economic Performance Ulman, L. (1968) 'Collective Bargaining and Industrial Efficiency', in R.E. Caves (and Associates) (ed.) Britain's Economic Prospects
14. Comparative Growth and Catch-up *Broadberry, S.N. (1997) 'The Long Run Growth and Productivity Performance of the United Kingdom', Scottish Journal of Political Economy, vol. 44 *Broadberry, S.N. (1997) The Productivity Race: British Manufacturing in International Perspective, 1850-1990 *Crafts, N.F.R. (1998) 'Forging Ahead and Falling Behind: The Rise and Relative Decline of the First Industrial Nation', Journal of Economic Perspectives *Tomlinson, J. (1996) 'Inventing 'Decline': The Falling Behind of the British Economy in the Postwar Years', Economic History Review, vol. 49 Abramovitz, M. (1986) 'Catching Up, Forging Ahead and Falling Behind', Journal of Economic History, vol. 46 Broadberry, S.N. (1993) 'Manufacturing and the Convergence Hypothesis: What the Long-Run Data Show', Journal of Economic History, vol. 53 Crafts, N. and Toniolo, G. (eds.) (1996) Economic Growth in Europe Since 1945 [esp. Chs.1,3,5] Davies, S.W. and Caves, R.E. (1987) Britain's Productivity Gap Dowrick, S. and Duc-Tho, N. (1989) 'OECD Comparative Economic Growth, 1950-1985: Catch-up and Convergence', American Economic Review, vol. 79 Feinstein, C.H. (1990) 'Benefits of Backwardness and Costs of Continuity' in A. Graham and A. Seldon (eds.) Government and Economies in the Postwar World: Economic Policies and Comparative Performance, 1945-1985 Maddison, A. (1991) Dynamic Forces in Capitalist Development Olson, M. (1982) The Rise and Decline of Nations Porter, M. (1990) The Competitive Advantage of Nations Williamson, J.G. (1996) 'Globalization, Convergence, and History' Journal of Economic History, vol. 56
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